The Hindu editorial notes 2 September 2019

UPSC current affairs-

The article focuses on the need for keynesian economics to revive India's economy
Keynesian economy is a theory named after Economist John Maynard Keynes ,in the post world war scenario,he advocated for increased government expenditure and less taxes to stimulate demand and recover the economy
This theory was criticized by free market economists as excessive government intervention in economy,However Keynesian model helped a great deal in the recovery of post war economies of European countries

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Now India is facing a economic slowdown ,as evident from recently released 2018 Q1 GDP rate of 5%.
The Finance minister recently announced measures to revive ailing automobile sector,to lessen tax terrorism and infusion to capital into Public sector banks to offset for lack of credit,The first two measures are piecemeal in nature ,the capital infusion into banks is indeed essential post NBFC and NPA crisis
Infusion of capital should be accompanied by governance reforms & reduction of political pressures on PSB to yield real effective results
Similarly the recent order upon PSB to change their lending rate in sync with RBI repo rate although made with good intentions,the bank has other factors to consider while setting Prime lending rate
Interest rate policy should be made in a way that attracts investments ,else animal spirit of investors will not be unlocked
In a situation like this ,where private investments are not forthcoming due to lack of growth prospects,The government should actively intervene and should spend more to stimulate demand.
The rural and informal sector needs some care and the government must set aside fiscal limits for time being and should spend more to revive growth.

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Ever since special status to J&K was revoked ,Pakistan has been making threatening and violent statements towards India
Senior leader in Pakistan has been threatening with nuclear war ,Pakistan military for its part has tested a missile .
Amidst such provocative statements ,India has maintained its stance clearly ,as a secular democratic country ,India will never stoop to such low level

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The current dispensation under PM Modi has taken the tough but realistic stand that "Talks and Terror cannot go together" ,this stance might continue continue unless pakistan stops using terrorism as state policy against India.

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3) Citizenship figured

The final NRC (National Register of Citizens) a supreme court monitored process which began in 2013 ended yesterday .Those excluded still can make appeals to Foreigner tribunals and the higher courts.
The NRC is specific to Assam which was a key point in the Assam Accord signed between the AASU and GoV 1985
The Assam accord and NRC was demanded as the indigenous Assamese felt threatened by the massives influx of refugees into their state.The largest of refugee movement happened while and during Bangladesh liberation war,Hence this accord also fixed March 24, 1971, as the cut-off date for deportation of all illegal immigrants irrespective of their religion.
Yet the final NRC declaration has not satisfied either side,the indigenous Assamese say that 19 lakh illegal immigrant is smaller than estimated , while opposite side claims that Bengali Hindus who feared persecution in Bangladesh war are excluded

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Although AASU demanded deportation of illegal immigrants irrespective of religion ,the recent political atmosphere has painted the issue in communal color
If the proposed Citizenship amendment bill gets passed ,non-Muslims who entered Assam will be provided citizen but do the native Assamese welcome this yet to seen
Above all ,the whole NRC process has resulted in 19 lakh people stateless now ,with no government agency to help them

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The recent statement by Brazil President stating that Amazon fires is an internal matter and US president Trump move to withdraw USA from Paris climate deal have prioritized national Sovereignty over global environment concerns
The IPCC recently released a special climate change report which also list Land degradation as a factor for climate change in addition to the fossil fuel emissions
The degradation of land quality due to large scale deforestation and excess use of chemicals in agriculture may yield short time benefits but will end up harming the sustainability of earth's environment
Diversifying crops ,adopting eco-friendly agriculture practices and consuming local grown food products are some wise moves to mitigate the adverse effects

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The Government must create suitable incentives and infrastructure to aid the farmer in adopting sustainable agriculture practices
The climate change awareness movement carried across nations also show that we are all interlinked and part of a larger web of life
This view of looking at transnational environmental challenge through narrow lens of nationalism will only spell disaster

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